BiOWiSH® reduces nitrogen leaching by promoting the conversion of volatile forms of nitrogen into less volatile forms, such as biomass and organic amines, and then promoting the rapid assimilation of these less volatile species by plant roots.
BiOWiSH® organisms are endophytic, participating in the rhizophagy cycle. This process promotes root development resulting in larger root masses with more secondary and tertiary structure. In turn, the larger root systems allow for better mass flow of nitrogen to the plant, reducing the tendency to lose nitrogen through leaching. It also induces a shift in the rhizosphere microbiome, resulting in higher populations of organisms with a broad range of hydrolytic and oxidative biochemical functions, including nitrification, that ultimately lead to better nitrogen use efficiency and reduced leaching.
The combination of endophytic activity and the rhizosphere microbiome shift facilitates the conversion of volatile forms of nitrogen into less volatile species. Then, these less volatile nitrogen forms are taken up by plants via the rhizophagy cycle wherein nitrogen assimilated by BiOWiSH® organisms and other endophytic microbes is extracted by the root and the nutrient-depleted organisms are expelled back into the soil. There, they again re-assimilate additional nitrogen and repeat this cyclic process.